California cities and counties are falling short of state-mandated housing goals, especially for affordable units. Less than a third meet market-rate targets, and only 6% meet very-low-income housing goals. Despite laws to speed approvals, annual construction remains around 100,000 homes, far below the needed 312,000. Affordable housing struggles due to funding shortages, while moderate-income projects lack subsidies. Streamlining laws help but haven't sparked a major building surge.