Over 2,700 down payment assistance (DPA) programs help first-time homebuyers reduce upfront costs, with aid ranging from $5,000 to over $150,000. Eligibility mainly depends on income, typically between 80% and 150% of area median income (AMI), varying by region. Programs include state, local, federal, nonprofit, and employer offerings. Additional criteria often include first-time buyer status, credit score, homebuyer education, and purchase price limits.