Several U.S. jurisdictions impose financial penalties for not carrying health insurance despite the federal penalty's elimination in 2019. California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Washington, D.C. enforce mandates with fines based on flat fees or income percentages, capped by bronze-level plan costs. Penalties vary, such as California's $950 minimum per adult or 2.5% of income, and New Jersey's monthly minimum of $695 per adult, encouraging insurance coverage.